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GENEALOGY and FAMILY HISTORY of
CHEVAL dit ST-JACQUES FAMILY
Sister Eulalie de Barcelone C.D.N.
1858-1926
born Josephine Cheval dit St-Jacques
a Historian and Writer
a witness of Marguerite Bourgeoys
and her Father, Antoine, the beekeeper
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HISTORY OF THE
FRENCH ANCESTORS OF CHEVAL dit SAINT-JACQUES
by Genealogy for Lemoine and more,Montreal Quebec Canada
e-mail: gsalvas@sympatico.ca
French ancestors for Cheval said St-Jacques are:
Thomas Cheval and Gilette Neve from St-Nicolas, city of Tournai, Flandres, Belgium. Their children:
1. Jacques-Joseph married Renee Cousineau daugther of Jean-Baptiste Cousineau and Jeanne Benard in St-Laurent on September 3rd, 1725
He remarried Genevieve Leduc daugther of Charles Leduc and Angeline Chevalier in Montreal on May 27th, 1743
2. Pierre Francois married Marie-Josephte Archambault daugther of Pierre Archambault and Agathe Forget in Riviere des Prairies on February 21 st, 1757
3. Pierre married Marie Amable Desnoyers-Voyer daugther of Joseph Desnoyers and Marie Josephte Beauchamp in Riviere des Prairies on February 7th, 1785
4. Antoine Cheval (son of Pierre) married Zoe Lecavalier on June 13, 1820 at l'Assomption.
Joseph Cheval dit St-Jacques ( Antoine's brother) married on Nov. 8, 1819 at St-Antoine-sur-Richelieu to Isabelle Anctil (Antille).
5. Jean-Baptiste married Melina Guillemette daugther of Pierre Guillemette and Marguerite Houle on October 7th, 1854 in St. Hugues
6. Family of Jean-Baptiste Cheval St-Jacques and Melina Guillemette. 6 children
a) Joseph married Maximilienne Peloquin in St-Robert, on July 16th, 1878. She was the daughter of Bruno Peloquin and Lucie Peloquin
b) Victoria married Louis Octave Lavallee on Nov. 27, 1883, in St-Robert. He was the son of Joseph Lavallee and Adeline Saucisse.
She remarried in St-Robert on August 19th, 1893 to Treffle Fournier, son of Widower of Corine Lavigne.
c) Delvina married Joseph Desrosiers, son of Jean-Baptiste Desrosiers and Rose de Lima Petrin, in St-Robert on October 2nd, 1894
d) Valerie Celina married Louis Fisette son of Charles Fisette and Angele Lefebvre in St- Robert on February 11, 1878
e) Irenee married Melina Nepveu in St Francois Xavier, Nashua, New Hampshire on November 14, 1888.
He remarried to Elisa Lebeau on June 7th, 1909. In St- Antoine parish, New Bedford, Mass.
f) Robertine St-Jacques nun of the Charity in St-Hyacinthe
7. Family of Joseph St-Jacques Cheval and Maximilienne Peloquin ( 5 children)
a) Leon married to Orise Alpheda Charland in St. Majoric parish, Nicolet on Sept.27, 1920
b) Rodolphe married to Marguerite Gourgeon in Notre-Dame du Rosaire parish, Montreal on May 24th, 1932.
c) Nathalie Nun Presentation de Marie Convent, St-Hyacinthe
d) Palmina Nun Presentation de Marie Convent, St-Hyacinthe
e) Romuald married Maria Roy in parish Tres St-Nom de Jesus in Montreal Oct. 29th, 1925.
Remarried Emma Laurier in St-Stanislas parish, Montreal Dec. 22n, 1930
8. Family of Guillaume St-Jacques and Olive Provost ( 3 children)
a) Stanislas married Josephine Chauvette daugther of Louis Chauvette and Catherine Labreche in St-Robert on Oct. 11, 1885
b) Joseph married Parmelie Beaudreau daugther of Charles Beaudreau and Julie Salvas in St- Louis on Jan. 14, 1896
c) Victor married Mederice Beaudreau widow of Georges Bourgeois in St-Louis on July 8th, 1890.***************************
Jacques-Joseph Cheval dit St.Jacques
By Father Gerard Lebel
as per: www.geocities.com/Heartland/Shores/2693/JSTJBIO.htm
In French-Canada, after more than a century of existence, the proud surname of Cheval took the bit between its teeth and disappeared into the mist. The name St.Jacques replaced it in due course. Jacques-Joseph Cheval dit St.Jacques, son of the bourgeois Thomas Cheval and of Gilette Neve, was baptized on December 13 1697 at the font of the church of Saint Nicholas, in the town of Tournai, today the capital of the Belgian province of Hainaut.
The cathedral of Notre-Dame de Tournai is one of the most imposing buildings in Europe. When Jacques-Joseph was born, the Bishop Francois de Caillebot occupied the Episcopal seat. The town of Tournai, known during the time of the Romans, was enclosed by walls in 1295 by the French king, Philippe LeBel. The Escaut River has its source in France before gamboling into Flanders; it divides the town of Tournai into two parts.
It was in Tournai that Jacques-Joseph grew up, did his studies and learned the trade of wigmaker. Educated, intelligent and enterprising, the son of the bourgeois decided to go to New France to practice his new trade. Who gave him the idea? With whom did he cross the ocean? One day a patient and lucky researcher will perhaps find out.
VILLE_MARIE
On July 27, 1722, Jacques-Joseph Cheval dit St.Jacques, master wigmaker, appeared in our religious annals as a witness at the marriage of Jean Baptiste Huberdeau dit Lafrance, soldier in the Company de Monsieur Francois de Gannes. We know that this new husband , himself, later bore the title of master wigmaker.
The 24 year old immigrant, with clean and empty hands, showed signs of his presence again in 1725. On February 7 at Ville-Marie, he was godfather to Marie-Josephte Deslandes dit Champigny, Daughter of Jean, master mason, and of Marie-Josephe Serran dit L'Espagnol. We note that the godmother was none other than Marie-Renee Cousineau. Finally, on the following August 14, the surgeon Jacques Monarque asked the wigmaker to be godfather to his son Jacques. It is obvious that Jacques-Joseph Cheval dit St.Jacques was welcomed in Montreal as a valued professional. He had not come to New France to sell feathers to the Amerindians.
The big day sounded on September 3 1725, a Monday as the custom dictated. The day before ,in the presence of the notary Jean-Baptiste Adhemar, Jacques-Joseph and Marie-Renee had drawn up their marriage contract in the presence of a long list of friends and relatives. In the new parish of Saint Laurent de Montreal, Joseph Hourde, Sulpicien missionary priest, blessed their nuptials before 10 witnesses recorded in the registry.
Marie-Renee Cousineau was the daughter of Jean, a mason and stone cutter, and of Marie Benard. She had been baptized at the church of Notre-Dame on September 4 1702 by the Sulpicien Rene-Charles DeBreslay, who had blessed the grave of Marguerite Bourgeois.
Will this couple be fruitful and happy? will they spend their whole life at Ville-Marie? The future will bring the answer.
QUEBEC
We must believe that Jacques-Joseph lacked heads at Montreal on which to place his wigs. By 1726 he thought Quebec would be more lucrative. The proof of this move, a little bizarre, is provided to us with the birth of his first child.
A little girl came into their world June 10 1726. Ferry boats between Montreal and Quebec did not follow a regular schedule. A few days after the little girl's birth, an opportunity arose to reserve space in a water conveyance. Jacques-Joseph, Marie-Renee and their eldest daughter left Ville-Marie disastrously, it seems. The child fell gravely ill. They put into port at Saint Francois du Lac where Father Jean-Baptiste Dugas conditionally baptized the infant with the name of Marie-Catherine, in honor of her godmother Catherine Hus dit Millet. The poor little girl was buried at Quebec on August 26 of the same summer.
The St.Jacques couple lived at Quebec for 9 years. Thus on December 15 1731, at the request of Mother Saint Michel, Superior of the Ursulines, there was a summons to innkeeper Jacques-Joseph Cheval dit St.Jacques, so that he be ordered to pay 10 livres for the pasturing of a cow for one summer. The Provost of Quebec also reported that on March 18 1735, Jacques-Joseph Cheval dit St.Jacques, wigmaker on the Rue Saint Louis, asked Nicolas Diverty dit Saint Germain, to pay up in order to settle accounts.
In the autumn of 1735, the St.Jacques family decided to return to their point of departure, where the Cousineau relatives lived.
THE RETURN
Upon their return to Montreal, the St.Jacques family did not leave us much information on how they spent their time. We learn from the notary Dufresne that on May 29 1742 Jacques-Joseph Cheval dit St.Jacques, a wigmaker, bought a piece of land with 3 arpents(equivalent to 1 acre) in frontage by a depth located from the Vertus coast as far as the Riviere des Prairies, for 800 livres. The seller was none other than his brother-in-law Jean -Baptiste Cousineau, husband of Catherine Hay.
Misfortune swept down on the family. On Monday, January 7 1743, Marie-Renee Cousineau, the generous and faithful wife was buried in the cemetery of Ville-Marie. Several of her children were already waiting for her on the steps of Paradise.
As the couple had been married in community property, it was necessary to take an inventory to protect the minor children. On June 18 , notary Jean-Louis Danre de Blanzy appeared at the St.Jacques house, with his ink, paper and goose quills. Charles Renaud, Paul Tessier and Jean-Baptiste Adhemar appeared as witnesses and sworn appraisers.
In the kitchen, there was a host of utensils of unequal value: 12 flasks of 3 half-pints, including 4 filled with olive oil, 19 regular goblets, 3 silver goblets, 2 copper kettles, and so forth. In a bedroom were 6 chairs, 1 "old arm chair", buffets, chests, 1 small mirror with a wooden frame 18 by 10 inches, 1 ornate bed, 1 impressive linen chest, 11 horn combs, 17 pairs of average scissors, one thousand pins, 406 pairs of tin buckles for both shoes and garters, 2 small ivory combs and 2 of wood, 2 scissors "cisaillon", ect. Then in the attic, we discovered 24 minots of flour, some pipes, armoires, some bed linens and clothes of the deceased, including 11 pairs of cornettes.
Surprise! One milk cow and 2 small pigs were in the stable. People owed 324 livres (equal in value to a pound of silver) 10 sols ( French silver coin) and 9 livres to the St.Jacques family. This is what a detailed statement shows. The family owed 400 livres to the widow Desgranges, 55 livres for 6 months rent to Nicolas Gervais, ect.
To summarize, Jacques-Joseph Cheval dit St.Jacques, owned a host of ill-assorted property including several items appropriate for a tavern keeper and a wigmaker.
COUSINEAU-CHEVAL CHILDREN
Marie-Catherine, Jacques, Paul-Antoine-Francois, Pierre-Francois, Pierre-Joseph, Antione, Antione, Marie-Angelique, Paul, Marie-Cecile, Veronique and Marie-Josephte, such were the dozen children born to the St.Jacques couple between 1726 and 1741. Alas! Of this impressive number only the first 4 sons, all born at Quebec, survived.
1. Jacques Cheval, on July 10 1727, became the godson of Jacques Pinguet, bourgeois, Provost judge for the seigneuries of Notre-Dame-des-Agnes, Saint Gabriel and Sillery. He married Marie-Charlotte Leroux on May 7 1759, at Sault au Recollet. Jacques Brisebois, from the Ile de Jesus, had loaned 1,200 livers to Jacques Cheval according to a document dated June 25 1765 by Andre Souste.
2. Paul-Antione Francois, baptized on August 14 1728, was married at Saint-Antoine-de-Chambly on February 19 1759, to Marie-Elisabeth Jared, daughter of Jean-Baptiste and of Marie-Anne Meunier.
3. Pierre-Francois, godson of Pierre Leclerc, steward on the royal yacht "L'Elephant", he gave his heart to Marie-Josephte Archambault, daughter of Pierre and of Agatha Froget. The wedding was celebrated on February 20 1756 at Rivere-des-Prairies.
4. Pierre-Joseph was baptized on March 12 1731. On October 10 1752, he was married at Montreal to Jeanne Hus, in a first marriage, and to Marie-Catherine Gourgon, in a second marriage at Sainte-Rose on August 16 1763. Pierre -Joseph was a baker at Fort Saint-Jean about 1758. In 1763, one spoke of an account of Joseph Cheval, resident of Vaudreuil: 644 livres, an amount owed or to be received?
Such was the second Cheval dit St.Jacques generation which created ties still existing with the generations of today.
NEW DEPARTURE
As the children of Jacques-Joseph were minors, he found them a second mother in the person of Genevieve Leduc, 38 years old, daughter of Charles and of Angelique Chevalier. The blessing of this marriage took place at Montreal on Monday, May 17 1743. Michel, Francois-Xaiver, Paul-Joseph and Basile-Joseph, little Leduc-Cheval children, born between 1744 and 1749, all died in the cradle.
Jacques-Joseph demanded order in his tavern. Well, on Monday July 29 1743, he did not get it. Maurice Vernon, resident of the Vertus coast, a little worse for drink, it seems, attacked the owner. He tore his shirt, ripped his suit and beat him up to such an extent that our ancestor had to have recourse to a surgeon. The innkeeper immediately went to the court. The aggressor expressed his regrets and apologized. Jacques-Joseph annulled his complaint on the following august 7. But Vernon compensated his victim by immediately paying 22 livres and 10 sols; in addition, he promised to pay the doctor bills until the victim was completely healed, and also "to have said on the next fifth of January in the church of St.Laurent on this island a solemn service for the repose of the late Marie-Renee Cousineau wife of said Cheval".
According to historian Roland J. Auger, it was during this time frame that Cheval obtained the post of "Guard of the port" of Montreal. This paid position consisted of looking after the harbor, the anchorage and the boats to assure that the regulations were observed.
ROYAL BAILIFF
The talents of Jacques-Joseph Cheval were finally recognized. On December 23 1749, he received his commission as bailiff to the Sovereign Council in place of Pierre Courtin, who died unexpectedly on February 2 1750," decree which welcomes Jacques-Joseph Cheval to the office of the bailiff in this Council and ordered that his commission be registered in the registry of the said Council for the said Cheval to enjoy the effect and contents of this".
But before proceeding with this solemn registration, they held an inquiry on January 22 to learn about the life and good morals of Cheval.
By various acts of the Provost of Quebec, we learn that bailiff Cheval practiced his profession first at Quebec even before being officially appointed, from the first of December 1750 to the first of September 1751.
Then he returned to Montreal where he pursued his work as royal bailiff until his death on December 13 1757. From master wigmaker, he had become a bailiff of the Superior Council of New France; an honor and responsibility more than ordinary.
Genevieve Leduc was remarried to Jean Migneron on February 1759 at Saint-Vincent de Paul. Jean was the widower of Marguerite Hunaut.
In the beginning of the nineteenth century, two of his descendants: Joseph and Michel Cheval, became voyageurs to Lac-a-la-Pluie and Michilimakinac. During the Papillion Rebellion of 1837, the Saint Jacques family showed themselves to be active patriots.
Hyacinthe Saint Jacques, son of Thomas Cheval and of Justine Malet, born at Saint-Eustache on March 25 1829, was ordained at Montreal on December 20 1856 as the first priest of the line.
Jean Racine concluded with these two lines of verse from Andromaque:
"Make known to my son the heroes of his race,
As much as you can, lead him in their steps".
FAMILY NAME VARIATIONS
Known name variations are Chenal, Saint-Jacques
Article from Father Gerard LEBEL
From "Our French-Canadian Ancestors",
volume XVIII by Thomas J. LaForest
ISBN: 0-914163-18-3
Article as per www.geocities.com/Heartland/Shores/2693/JSTJBIO.htm
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