Union Veteran William Edward Miller, Captain, Company H, 3rd Pennsylvania Cavalry   The following biographical sketch of William Edward Miller is extracted from The Biographical Annals of Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, Chicago: The Genealogical Publishing Co., 1905, pages 82-86 William Edward Miller, the eldest child of Andrew G. and Eleanor (Umberger) Miller, and the special subject of this sketch, was born at West Hill, Cumberland County, Feb. 5, 1836. Until the breaking out of the Civil War be remained at home, receiving such education as the district schools then afforded and working upon the farm. Through the stress of circumstances it early fell to his lot to direct the farming operations for his father, which involved much hard work and careful, economical management, but gave him a discipline which he turned to good account in after life. At the beginning of the war he enlisted, becoming a private in Company H, 3d Pennsylvania Cavalry, and at the organization of the company was made its second lieutenant. His military career from start to finish was a hard and dangerous one. In the winter of 1861-62 his regiment was stationed at Camp Marcy, Va., where it underwent a rigid course of training conducted by Col. W. W. Averill, a graduate of West Point Military Academy. When the celebrated peninsular campaign began in the following spring it was sent to Yorktown, where it received its baptism of fire, and then was kept well in front as the army advanced. After the evacuation of the defences at Yorktown it followed hard on the heels of the Confederates until they were driven behind Fort Magruder, at Williamsburg, and when driven from that position followed them in hot pursuit beyond the Chickahominy. During the period of preparation for the capture of Richmond Lieut. Miller was detailed to hunt out and make maps of the roads which led to the James river, and in this his duty at times led him as much as twenty miles into the enemy's country, which fact is a matter of record in "Battles and Leaders of the Civil War," Volume II, page 431. While on the peninsular campaign he met the Count de Paris and a friendship sprang up between the two which lasted until the death of that distinguished French soldier and author. At Antietam, on Sept. 16, 1862, Lieut. Miller's regiment led Gen. Hooker's advance across Antietam creek, and as a detail Company H, under his command, drew the first fire of the enemy in that famous and bloody battle. For this daring action he was afterward promoted to the captaincy of his company over all the first lieutenants in the regiment. His regiment was one of the most active in the Army of the Potomac, and in the campaigns of 1863 took conspicuous part in the battles of Brandy Station, Aldie, Middleburg, Upperville, Hay Market and Gettysburg. At Gettysburg Capt. Miller was in command of a squadron of four companies and won proud distinction by making a timely charge and breaking the flank of Wade Hampton and Fitzhugh Lee's commands, in their attempt to turn the extreme right of the Union Army. The charge was made in violation of orders, but the supreme importance of making it and the brilliancy of its execution were recognized by the government in awarding him a medal of honor. The Secretary of War, in forwarding this medal,, wrote: At Gettysburg, July 3, 1863, this officer, then Captain, 3d Pennsylvania Cavalry, and commanding a squadron of four troops of his regiment, seeing an opportunity to strike in flank an attacking column of the enemy's cavalry that was then being charged in front, exceeded his own instructions and without orders led a charge of his squadron upon the flank of the enemy, checked his attack and cut off and dispersed the rear of his column. The reverse side of the medal bears the following inscription: The Congress to Captain W. E. Miller, Company H, 3d Pennsylvania Cavalry, for Gallantry at Gettysburg, July 3d, 1863. This extraordinary action attracted the attention of military authorities of this and other countries, and Arthur L. Wagner, U. S. A., in his work on "Organization and Tactics," pages 187 and 222, refers to it as follows: "At Balaklava a heavy force of Russian Cavalry advancing to attack the British Heavy Brigade, deliberately slackened its pace before contact and received a counter charge at a halt. In this action the flank of the Russian Cavalry was exposed to the Light Brigade, whose commander, Lord Cardigan, failed to avail himself of the opportunity thus presented because his orders did not contemplate such action; but he afterwards engaged in a heroic but senseless charge on the Russian batteries, which furnished a theme for poets but not a model for a cavalry general. In the great cavalry battle at Gettysburg, Captain Miller, of the 3d Pennsylvania Cavalry, seeing an opportunity to strike Wade Hampton's column in flank as it was charged in front by Custer, turned to his lieutenant with the remark: 'I have been ordered to hold this position, but, if you will back me in case I am court-martialed for disobedience, I will order a charge.' The charge was opportune and effective and no mention of a court martial was ever made. Miller's conduct on this occasion is in striking contrast with that of Cardigan at Balaklava." After the war closed Capt. Miller engaged in the hardware business in Carlisle and continued at that until 1898, in which year he was elected to the Pennsylvania State Senate from the district composed of Cumberland and Adams counties. He is of a retiring disposition, but firm in his convictions and purposes. Some estimate of the man can be found in the remarks made by his old commander, Gen. D. McM. Gregg, at the dedication of the cavalry shaft at Gettysburg, on Oct. 15, 1884: "Of course everybody expects to hear from Capt. Miller, whose name is so inseparably and honorably connected with our shaft. Possibly, having built so well on the very ground on which he fought so well, he will try to escape talking, which he can do well also. How pointedly he can write you can all attest." Capt. Miller has long been conspicuous in his native county as a Democrat and a party worker. He served twice as chairman of the Democratic county committee, once in 1877, when the Democratic State ticket was given over one thousand majority, and again in 1888, when Cleveland was given a majority of 696 over Harrison. In 1878 he was a member of the Democratic State Central Committee, In municipal affairs he has always borne a conspicuous part. He was twice-elected chief burgess of Carlisle, first in 1882 and again in 1883, and was a member of the Carlisle board of health for about twelve years, and president of that body for four years. In 1898, after much importuning from members of both political parties, he consented to stand as a candidate for the State Senate and was easily nominated and also easily elected. As a legislator he was assiduous and attentive to the interests of his constituents, and discharged the entire roll of his duties with conscientious fidelity. His term included the famous session that was deadlocked upon the election of United States senator, and he was present and voted upon all the ballots that were held. He also had the honor of being his party's nominee for president pro tem of the Senate. In Grand Army circles he has always been active and prominent and was the first Commander of Capt. Colwell Post, No. 201. He is a member of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, and while he has filled various positions of honor and responsibility he has never aspired to any of the places which he has filled. He is secretary of the Carlisle Board of Trade and gives much of his time and labor to the promotion of the industrial welfare of the town. Since relinquishing the hardware business he has turned his attention to writing fire insurance, in which he his succeeded in building up a very satisfactory line. Capt. William E. Miller has been twice married. His first wife was Elizabeth Ann Hocker, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Henry) Hocker, of Hockersville, Penn township. Mrs. Miller died Sept. 8, 1859, at the age of twenty-three years, leaving two daughters, named respectively Carrie Olivia Rankin and Elizabeth. Elizabeth died in April, 1862. Carrie grew to womanhood and married George K. McCormick, by whom she has three children, William, Anna and George K. Mr. McCormick is a civil engineer and at present is located at Knoxville, Tennessee. On June 25, 1868, Capt. Miller married for his second wife Anna DePui Bush, daughter of J. S. Bush, of Tioga, Tioga Co., Pa., who died Aug. 4, 1894, leaving no issue. Both wives were intelligent, cultured, amiable ladies and the loss of each was a sore bereavement. Mrs. Anna DePui (Bush) Miller was a writer of acknowledged ability, a contributor to literary periodicals and author of a book entitled "Who and What." Such is the record of Capt. William E. Miller, a worthy citizen and a gallant soldier. **Note**: William Edward Miller died 12/10/1919 and was buried in the Soldiers National Cemetery, Gettysburg, Pa. . Return to Camp #1881, SUVCW Main Website SUVCW Camp #1881 Copyright © 2006.