KALINGA-Province (As A Separated Province From Known Kalinga-Apayao)
THE PROVINCE AND ITS ECONOMIC POTENTIALS Location And Topography
Inhabited by a simple freedom-loving people enshrined in the natural beauty and imposing grandeur of God's creation, Kalinga sprawls in the center of Cordillera mountain ranges.
It is bounded on the north by the sub-province of Apayao, Cagayan and Isabela on the east, Mountain Province on the south and Abra on the west. Largely consisting of the Central Cordillera mountain ranges, the southern and northwestern portions of
the region present sharp-crested mountain ranges the elevation of which varies from 3,000 to 5,000 feet above sea level and interlocking flat lands, plateaus and valleys. Toward the north-
eastern portion, the mountain peaks gradually taper into rolling hills that interlock wide tracks of flat lands and flood plains along the main rivers.
Drainage System Kalinga is drained by five main rivers. In the southeast portion of the region is the Tanudan River formed by headwaters arising from Barlig, Mountain Province. It flows generally from south
to north until it merges with the Chico River at Naneng, Tabuk. Draining the central lenghtwise section is the Chico River formed by headwaters arising from Sabangan and the municipalities of
Mountain Province. It also flows generally northward. It converges with the Pasil River at the village of Tomiangan which is also in the municipality of Tabuk. Thus joined by two rivers, the Tabuk
section of the Chico River is considerably big making its floodwaters more damaging and treacherous during the rainy days and typhoons. The Pasil River formed by headwaters arising from the vicinities of
Belwang and Ma-init, Moutain Province, flows eastward until it converges with the Chico as aforestated. With headwaters emanating from the Kalinga-Abra boundary west of Balbalasang, is the Saltan River.
It flows toward a northeasternly direction untilit converges with the bigger Chico River at Pinukpuk Proper. The Kal-uwan River flowing eastward until it converges with the bigger Chico River at Ammacian,
is formed by headwaters from west of Mabaca, Balbalan. These five main rivers of the Kalinga territory, all embody the lower Chico River that drains the municipalities of Tuao and Faire in the province of
Cagayan. This lower Chico River flows eastward until it empties into the mighty Cagayan River at Barangay Donggao in the municipality of Faire.
Demographic Growth And Distribution In the 1940 census of population, Kalinga harbored only 54,843 inhabitants of whom 96.8% were ethnic Kalinga groups. The population density was 0.12 per square kilometer. With improved medical and health
care considerably lowering the general mortality rate coupled with the influx of immigrants into the municipalities of Tabuk, Rizal and Pinukpuk, the population has more doubled from 54,843 to 151,940 in 1980.
In the 1980 census, 66.4% of the population are the ethnic Kalinga groups while the rest are immigrants from different places.
Climate The climate of the entire Kalinga areas falls under Type III classification of the Bureau of Weather. Relatively dry season occurs from late February to the end of May. The rest of the year is generally wet.
Typhoon frequently occurs from July to November. The records of the Weather Bureau reveal that the rainy season is at its peak from October to January when 50% of the annual rainfall is equally distributed. The average
rainfall during this period ranges from 64.4 to 91.18 mm. The warmest months in the area are from April to July with an average temperature ranging from 27 to 31 degrees Celsius. From August, the temperature becomes gradually
coler until January when the daily average temperature is usually recorded at 17 degrees Celsius. At best the climate in this area of the country, is moderately warm and is comsidered mild.
Political Subdivision Originally, a subprovince of the old Mountain Province, Kalinga, now a separated province of the known Kalinga-Apayao has eight regular municipalities. They are: Balbalan, Lubuagan, Pasil, Pinukpuk, Rizal, Tanudan, Tinglayan,
and Tabuk, its capital town.
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